Overview of the transcatheter heart valve systems

Introduction

Since the first trans-aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in 2002 11. Cribier A, Eltchaninoff H, Bash A, Borenstein N, Tron C, Bauer F, et al. Percutaneous transcatheter implantation of an aortic valve prosthesis for calcific aortic stenosis: first human case description. Circulation. 10 déc 2002;106(24):3006‑8. Link, the field of TAVR has rapidly evolved, with major refinements in technology, procedural techniques and patient selection. TAVR was first used in inoperable and high-risk patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) after the results of PARTNER 1 trials 22. Leon MB, Smith CR, Mack M, Miller DC, Moses JW, Svensson LG, et al. Transcatheter aortic-valve implantation for aortic stenosis in patients who cannot undergo surgery. N Engl J Med. 21 oct 2010;363(17):1597‑607. Link. Then the SURTAVI and PARTNER 2 studies assessed the non-inferiority of TAVR when compared to SAVR in intermediate risk patients with severe, symptomatic AS 44. Reardon MJ, Van Mieghem NM, Popma JJ, Kleiman NS, Søndergaard L, Mumtaz M, et al. Surgical or Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Replacement in Intermediate-Risk Patients. N Engl J Med. 06 2017;376(14):1321‑31. Link. The PARTNER 3 studies published in march 2019 eventually assessed the non-inferiority of the percutaneous approach with...