Introduction
Despite recent advancements in medical treatment, chronic heart failure (HF) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, representing a growing health and economic burden, largely due to the aging population 1, 2, 3, 41. Authors/Task Force M, McDonagh TA, Metra M et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) - With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2022;24:4-131 Link2. Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020;141:e139-e596 Link3. Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;79:1757-1780 Link4. Conrad N, Judge A, Tran J et al. Temporal trends and patterns in heart failure incidence: a population-based study of 4 million individuals. Lancet. 2018;391:572-580 Link....